Complete List of Publications

Effective digital preservation depends on a set of preservation services that work together to ensure that digital objects can be preserved for the long-term. These services need digital preservation metadata, in particular, descriptions of the properties that digital objects may have and descriptions of the requirements that guide digital preservation services.
This paper analyzes how these services interact and use this metadata and develops a data dictionary to support them.

The paper was presented by Angela Dappert (The British Library), at iPres2009, 5-6 October 2009, in San Francisco, California. [PDF, 291KB]

This paper describes the eXtensible Characterisation Languages (XCL) that support the automatic validation of document conversions and the evaluation of migration quality by hierarchically decomposing a document and representing documents from different sources in an abstract XML language. The description language XCDL provides an abstract representation of digital content in XML, while the extraction language XCEL allows an extraction engine to create such an abstract description by mapping file format structures to XCDL concepts.
The article presents the context of the development of these languages and tools and describes the overall concept and features of the languages. Furthermore examples are given and it is shown how the languages can be applied to the evaluation of digital preservation solutions in the context of preservation planning.
Read the article in Journal of Universal Computer Science

This report describes the second version of Dioscuri, one of the tools for environments in PA/5. This follow-up version incorporates some important improvements, primarily better support for GRATE integration and backwards compatibility with earlier version of the Java Runtime Environment (JRE 1.5). [PDF, 443KB]

This report is the final version of the Planets guidelines for developers of digital preservation tools. The guidelines set out Planets’ requirements for integrating third-party tools into the Planets framework. Developers will find them useful in understanding the criteria, tools and services should meet to be considered for inclusion in Planets. [PDF, 118KB]

Planets is developing a service-oriented environment for the definition and evaluation of preservation strategies for human-centric data. It focuses on the question of logically preserving digital materials, as opposed to the physical preservation of content bit-streams. This includes the development of preservation tools for the automated characterization, migration, and comparison of different types of digital objects as well as the emulation of their original runtime environment in order to ensure long-time access and interpretability.
The Planets integrated environment provides a number of end-user applications that allow data curators to execute and scientifically evaluate preservation experiments based on composable preservation services. Focus of this paper is on the middleware and programming model and on showing how it can be utilized in order to create complex preservation workflows.

Rainer Schmidt, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, gave this presentation at iPres 2009, 5-6 October 2009, in San Francisco, California. [PDF, 441KB]

This paper describesa service-oriented environment develped by Planets for the definition and evaluation of preservation strategies for human-centric data. It focuses on the question of logically preserving digital materials, as opposed to the physical preservation of content bit-streams. This includes the development of preservation tools for the automated characterization, migration, and comparison of different types of digital objects as well as the emulation of their original runtime environment in order to ensure long-time access and interpretability.
The Planets integrated environment provides a number of end-user applications that allow data curators to execute and scientifically evaluate preservation experiments based on composable preservation services. Focus of this paper is on the middleware and programming model and on showing how it can be utilized in order to create complex preservation workflows.

The paper was presented by Rainer Schmidt, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, at iPres 2009, 5-6 October 2009, in San Francisco, California. [PDF, 1004KB]

Christoph Becker, Vienna University of Technology, Austria, gave a presentation at the ACM Symposium on Applied Computing 2008 in Ceará, Brazil, on 20 March 2008.
The presentation describes the eXtensible Characterisation Languages (XCL) that support the automatic validation of document conversions and the evaluation of migration quality by hierarchically decomposing a document and representing documents from different sources in an abstract XML language. The context of the development of these languages and tools are presented and the overall concept and features of the languages and how they can be applied to the evaluation of digital preservation solutions are described. [PDF, 1040KB]

The dominance of digital objects in today’s information landscape has changed the way humankind creates and exchanges information. However, it has also brought an entirely new problem: the longevity of digital objects. Due to the fast changes in technologies, digital documents have a short lifespan before they become obsolete. Digital preservation, i.e. actions to ensure longevity of digital information, thus has become a pressing challenge. Different strategies such as migration and emulation have been proposed; however, the decision between available tools for format migration is very complex. Preservation planning supports decision makers in reaching accountable decisions by evaluating potential strategies against well-defined requirements. Especially the evaluation of different migration tools for digital preservation has to rely on validating the converted objects and thus on an analysis of the logical structure and the content of documents.

This paper presents the eXtensible Characterisation Languages (XCL) that support the automatic validation of document conversions and the evaluation of migration quality by hierarchically decomposing a document and representing documents from different sources in an abstract XML language. We present the context of the development of these languages and tools and describe the overall concept and features of the languages and how they can be applied to the evaluation of digital preservation solutions.

The paper was presented at the 23rd Annual ACM Symposium on Applied Computing, held on March 16-20 2008 in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.

Read the paper

This document contains an XML-based language to describe the properties of preservation action tools and their context of use. Within the Planets project this language can serve as a means of communication between a preservation planning system and a tools registry. The schema definition can also serve as a generic model for the description of the functions, expected performance outcomes, and appropriate uses of preservation action tools. [PDF, 437KB]

This presentation was given by Helen Hockx-Yu, The British Library, at the iPres 2007 conference which took place on October 11-12 2007 in Beijing, China.

The presentation gives an overview of Planets, its aims and objectives, and involved partners. It also lists the partners' motivations for being involved in the project, and provides a status report for progress to date. Finally, the presentation describes to two user scenarios, and mentions a number of goals to be reached by the end of 2008. [PDF, 316KB]

Rainer Schmidt (Austrian Research Centers) presented recent developments on a Job Submission Service that is based on standard grid mechanisms and capable of providing a large cluster of virtual machines. He also presented experimental results conducted on the Amazon EC2 and S3 utility cloud infrastructure.
The presentation was selected as ‘Best Paper’ at INTENSIVE 2009, which was held in Valencia, Spain on 20-25 April 2009.
[PDF, 263KB]

Digital libraries are increasingly relying on distributed services to support increasingly complex tasks such as retrieval or preservation.
While there is a growing body of services for migrating digital objects into safer formats to ensure their long-term accessability, the quality of these services is often unknown. Moreover, emulation as the major alternative preservation strategy is often neglected due to the complex setup procedures that are necessary for testing emulation. However, thorough evaluation of the complete set of potential strategies in a quantified and repeatable way is considered of vital importance for trustworthy decision making in digital preservation planning.
This paper presents a preservation action monitoring infrastructure that combines provider-side service instrumentation and quality measurement of migration web services with remote access to emulation.
Tools are monitored during execution, and both their runtime characteristics and the quality of their results are measured transparently. The architecture of the presented framework is described and the results from experiments on migration and emulation services are discussed.

Christoph Becker, Vienna University of Technology, presented the paper at ECDL 2009, Sept. 27 - Oct. 2 in Corfu, Greece. The paper is published in the proceedings from the conference, LNCS, by Springer-Verlag.

In: M. Agosti et al. (Eds.): ECDL 2009, LNCS 5714, pp. 39–50, 2009, © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2009 [PDF, 1089KB]

Digital libraries are increasingly relying on distributed services to support increasingly complex tasks such as retrieval or preservation.
While there is a growing body of services for migrating digital objects into safer formats to ensure their long-term accessability, the quality of these services is often unknown. Moreover, emulation as the major alternative preservation strategy is often neglected due to the complex setup procedures that are necessary for testing emulation. However, thorough evaluation of the complete set of potential strategies in a quantified and repeatable way is considered of vital importance for trustworthy decision making in digital preservation planning.
A preservation action monitoring infrastructure that combines provider-side service instrumentation and quality measurement of migration web services with remote access to emulation is presented.
Tools are monitored during execution, and both their runtime characteristics and the quality of their results are measured transparently. The architecture of the presented framework is described and the results from experiments on migration and emulation services are discussed.

Christoph Becker, Vienna University of Technology, gave this presentation at ECDL 2009, Sept. 27 - Oct. 2 in Corfu, Greece. [PDF, 1250KB]

This paper describes a proposal for a logical data model based on preliminary work within the Planets project. In OAIS terms the main areas discussed are related to the introduction of a logical data model for representing the past, present and future versions of the digital object associated with the Archival Storage Package for the publications deposited by our client repositories.

The paper was presented by Eld Zierau at ECDL 2008 which was held in Aarhus, Denmark, on 14-19 September 2008 [PDF, 183KB]

The presentation was made by Jean-Marc Comment, Swiss Federal Archives, at the ICA 2008 Congress in Kuala Lumpur, 21-27 July 2008. The presentation gives an introduction to "SIARD" which is a new long-term preservation format for a Software-Independent Archiving of Relational Database. [PDF, 242KB]

This paper presents the results of a survey of national libraries, archives and other content-holding organisations in Europe which the Planets project undertook in early 2009 to better understand the organisations’ digital preservation activities and needs and to ensure that Planets’ technology and services are designed to meet them. Over 200 responses were received including a cross-section of major libraries and archives especially in Europe. The results provide a snapshot of organisations’ readiness to preserve digital collections for the future.
The survey revealed a high level of awareness of the challenges of digital preservation within organisations. Findings indicated that approximately half of those organisations surveyed have taken measures to develop digital preservation policies and to budget for it, while a majority have incorporated digital preservation into their organisational planning.
Organisations predict that within a decade they will need to store large quantities of data in a wide range of formats from a variety of sources; three quarters of them are looking to invest in a solution within the next two years. However, the findings also point to varying degrees of readiness.
Organisations with a digital preservation policy are significantly further advanced in their work to preserve digital collections for the long-term than others.

The paper was presented by Robert Sharpe, Tessella, at iPres 2009, 5-6 October 2009, in San Francisco, California. [PDF, 194KB]

In early 2009 Planets conducted an on-line survey of people with an interest in digital preservation. In particular, national libraries and archives in Europe were targeted. The survey had a relatively large number of responses (over 200), approximately two fifths were from libraries and a third from archives.
This talk presents the outcomes of the survey and the key lessons that can be drawn from this study and applied in institutions. In particular, it will examine the questions institutions need to ask themselves as digital preservation starts to move away from being a craft towards becoming a deployable, scalable reality. In short, are you ready?

The presentation relates to the paper Are you ready? Assessing Whether Organizations are Prepared for Digital Preservation and was given by Robert Sharpe, Tessella, at iPres 2009, 5-6 October 2009, in San Francisco, California. [PDF, 118KB]

Robert Sharpe, Tessella, gave a presentation on Preservation Characterization at the Tools & Trends conference at National Library of the Netherlands on 1-2 November 2007.

The presentation touches upon the ways files and records can be characterized for preservation, but it also points to problems that may arise in the process. However, it also points to a solution and indicates that Planets will be able to make a difference. [PDF, 91KB]

At the Tools & Trends conference at National Library of the Netherlands on 1-2 November 2007 Remco Verdegem, Nationaal Archief of the Netherlands, presented Dioscuri, which is a modular emulator. He also discussed the differences, pros and cons of the emulation and migration strategies, respectively. [PDF, 579KB]

This document contains the first description of the overall architecture of the two XML based languages for describing and extracting characteristics of digital objects: the Extensible Characterisation Description Language (XCDL) and the Extensible Characterisation Extraction Language (XCEL). It starts with some conceptual clarifications reflecting discussions at contact meetings with various partners during the first project months. The bulk of the document consists of XML schema definitions for the two languages and sample documents showing their practical application. [PDF, 503KB]

This report documents the methodology and results of a feasibility study. [PDF, 873KB]

This presentation was given by Jean-Marc Comment, The Swiss Federal Archives, at the International Workshop on Digital Preservation of Heritage and Research Issues in Archiving and Retrieval (IWDPH 2007) which took place in Kolkata, India on 29-31 October 2007.

The presentation gives an overview of the project, its aims and objectives, and involved partners. It also presents the progress so far and goals to be reached within the next 18 months. Finally it describes the Swiss Federal Archives' work within the Planets project. [PDF, 440KB]

This presentation was made by Manfred Thaller, University of Cologne, at Digital Preservation Planning: Principles, Examples and the Future with Planets, British Library Conference Centre, London, 29th July 2008. Extracting characteristics from files is the base line for the automatic handling of a number of important steps in preservation, notably when connected to the evaluation of the quality of migration tools and the automated evaluation of migrations. Planets produces a consistently dynamic approach here, which uses two formal languages to (a) translate format specifications into a machine interpretable language, which allows general purpose software to extract properties from a large number of file formats, and, (b) to map the content of files encoded in a different model into a common content model, which allows automated comparison of the content of two files encoded in different file formats. This presentation concludes with some initial remarks, how this approach can be extended to cover rendering characteristics, which do NOT reside in the files themselves. [PDF, 3516KB]

Adrian Brown, The National Archives, gave this presentation at the workshop "What to preserve? Significant Properties of Digital Objects" which was jointly organised by JISC, the British Library and the Digital Preservation Coalition (DPC) on 7 April 2008.
In the presentation Adrian Brown gives an overview of Planets and its research in the field preservation characterisation. He also describes representation properties and significant properties as well as the different tools used for preservation characterisation. [PDF, 1511KB]

Manfred Thaller, University of Cologne, gave a presentation on Preservation Characterization at the Tools & Trends conference at National Library of the Netherlands on 1-2 November 2007.

The slides support a highly technical presentation on how characterization of file formats can be done by using the XCEL (eXtensible Characterisation Extraction Language). [PDF, 571KB]

This is a presentation by Joy Davidson, Humanities Advanced Technology and Information Institute, given at the 2nd Planets, CASPAR and DPE annual conference, held on 5-6 September 2007 in Lisbon, Portugal. The presentation outlines reasons and motivations for collaboration on training activities in Planets, DPE and CASPAR. Topics/themes and objectives for training as well as methods are also mentioned. Promotion, branding and challenges in joining efforts are covered too. [PDF, 85KB]

Taken from the abstract: "In this article we present the methodology and initial results from qualitative research into the usage and communication of digital information. It considers the motivation for the research and the methodologies adopted, including Contextual Design and Cultural Probes. The article describes the preliminary studies conducted to test the approach, highlighting the strengths and limitations of the techniques applied. Finally, it outlines proposals for refinement in subsequent iterations and the future research activities planned. The research is carried out as part of the Planets (Preservation and Long-term Access through NETworked Services) project."
Read the article in D-LIB Magazine

This document describes the consolidated release of the Planets Interoperability Framework (IF) and should serve as a Reference Manual for that work. [PDF, 546KB]

This presentation was made by Matthew Woollard, UK Data Archive, at Digital Preservation Planning: Principles, Examples and the Future with Planets, British Library Conference Centre, London, 29th July 2008. The UK Data Archive has been acquiring, ingesting, disseminating and preserving social science data on behalf of the Economic and Social Research Council for over 40 years. The first formal preservation policy was published in 2003 and revised in 2005. These versions of the policy were informed more by internal practice than by outside influences. A complete revision of the policy occured in late 2007 and a new policy has been written and is in the process of implementation. This presentation outlines the main influences on the redefinition of this policy and some of the decision-making processes which have led to it. [PDF, 377KB]

This is a presentation by Adrian Brown, The National Archives UK, given at the 2nd Planets, CASPAR and DPE annual conference, held on 5-6 September 2007 in Lisbon, Portugal. Tools and services are being developed within Planets to characterise the significant properties of digital objects, which are necessary to support the development of preservation plans and validate preservation actions (evaluating change). The presentation covers achievements to date and provides technical details on the characterisation registry, the Extensible Characterisation Description Language (XCDL) and the Extensible Characterisation Extraction Language (XCEL), and the registry-driven characterisation tool framework. [PPT, 1342KB]

This document details the software requirements for the Planets Core Registry
versions 2.1. The core registry incorporates the functionality of both the
Preservation Action Tool Registry and the Preservation Characterisation Registry.
Note that the previous release of the Core Registry (V2) was also known as
Planets Core Registry V2, the Planets Technical Registry and PRONOM 7. [PDF, 801KB]

Hannes Kulovits, Vienna University of Technology, made this presentation at the Planning the Future with Planets preservation tutorial at the Austrian Computer Society on 15 April 2008. The slides build on the 'Identification of Institutional Setting and Selection of Sample Records' session. They present a practical introduction to defining preservation strategies and alternatives, evaluating the usefulness of strategies, developing and running experiments, evaluating experiments; creating comparable measured values; setting importance factors and analysing results. [PDF, 656KB]

This document contains the first iteration for a design for recommender systems in the preservation planning tool Plato. The integration of such support systems shall reduce the effort needed to create a preservation plan and enable preservation planning for less experienced users. [PDF, 234KB]

Abstract: "The National Archives has been actively collecting, preserving, and making available electronic records for nearly 10 years. They are therefore developing a range of practical solutions to the active preservation of electronic records, using an extensible service oriented architecture and a central technical registry (PRONOM).
This paper describes TNA’s methodologies for characterisation, preservation planning, and preservation action, the technologies being adopted to implement them, and the role of PRONOM in supporting these services. It describes how this approach fits with international research programmes, and the types of preservation service which TNA may be able to provide externally in future."

The paper was accepted for presentation at the 2nd International Digital Curation Conference Digital Data Curation in Practice held on November 21-22 2006 in Glasgow, Scotland
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The National Archives has been actively collecting, preserving, and making available electronic records for nearly 10 years. They are therefore developing a range of practical solutions to the active preservation of electronic records, using an extensible service oriented architecture and a central technical registry (PRONOM).
This paper describes TNA’s methodologies for characterisation, preservation planning, and preservation action, the technologies being adopted to implement them, and the role of PRONOM in supporting these services. It describes how this approach fits with international research programmes, and the types of preservation service which TNA may be able to provide externally in future.

The paper was presented at the 2nd International Digital Curation Conference Digital Data Curation in Practice held on November 21-22 2006 in Glasgow, Scotland.

In: The International Journal of Digital Curation, Issue 1, Volume 2 | 2007, pp. 3-11 [PDF, 382KB]

Specimens of early computer systems stop working every day. It is necessary to prepare ourselves for the upcoming situation of having storage media and no working systems to read data from these carriers. With storage media residing in archives for already obsolete systems it is necessary to extract the data from these media before it can be migrated for long term preservation.
One storage medium that was popular for home computers in the 1980s was the audio tape. The first home computer systems allowed the use of standard cassette players to record and replay data. Audio tapes are more durable than old home computers when properly stored. Devices playing this medium (i.e. tape recorders) can be found in working condition or can be repaired as they are made out of standard components. By re-engineering the format of the waveform the data on such media can then be extracted from a digitized audio stream.

This paper presents a case study of extracting data created on an early home computer system, the Philips G7400.
The original data formats were re-engineered and an application was written to support the migration of data stored on tapes without using the original system. This eliminates the necessity of keeping an obsolete system alive for preserving access to data on storage media meant for this system. Two different methods to interpret the data and eliminate possible errors in the tape were implemented and evaluated on original tapes recorded 20
years ago. Results show that with some error correction methods parts of the tapes are still readable, even without the original system. It also becomes clear, that it is easier to build solutions now when the original systems are still available.

The paper was presented by Mark Guttenbrunner, Vienna University of Technology, at iPres 2009, 5-6 October 2009, in San Francisco, California. [PDF, 241KB]

This presentation relates to the paper Digital Archaeology: Recovering Digital Objects from Audio Waveforms which deals with a case study of extracting data created on an early home computer system, the Philips G7400.

The original data formats were re-engineered and an application was written to support the migration of data stored on tapes without using the original system. This eliminates the necessity of keeping an obsolete system alive for preserving access to data on storage media meant for this system. Two different methods to interpret the data and eliminate possible errors in the tape were implemented and evaluated on original tapes recorded 20 years ago. Results show that with some error correction methods parts of the tapes are still readable, even without the original system. It also becomes clear, that it is easier to build solutions now when the original systems are still available.

The presentation was given by Mark Guttenbrunner, Vienna University of Technology, at iPres 2009, 5-6 October 2009, in San Francisco, California. [PDF, 255KB]

The Royal Library in Copenhagen is the National Library of Denmark. In 2008, it merged with the Danish Folklore Archives. As a result, the Royal Library has need to ingest a rapidly growing collection of materials from published works, manuscripts, documents and maps to pictures, photographs and music representing Danish folklore and that of other parts of the world. This case study examines how the two institutions have used Planets characterisation and planning tools to profile digital objects before transferring them to the Royal Library's digital preservation store. [PDF, 1513KB]

This presentation was delivered by Angela Dappert (British Library) during the joint DPE/Planets/CASPAR/nestor training event, ‘The Preservation challenge: basic concepts and practical applications’ in Barcelona, 23-26 March 2009.
Metadata can play a vital role in enabling the effective management, discovery, and re-usability of digital information. Digital preservation metadata provides provenance information, supports and documents preservation activity, identifies technical features, and aids in verifying the authenticity of a digital object. The presentation gives and introduction to Digital preservation metadata and preservation metadata in practise. [PDF, 1096KB]

In order to develop an appropriate decision making process that will support the management and preservation of digital information new methods are needed and are developed within different European projects, such as Delos and Planets. This presentation by Hans Hofman (Nationaal Archief Netherlands) discusses these new methods and explores the main components of the preservation planning process. An important part is the identification of requirements in a given business context.
The presentation was delivered during the joint DPE/Planets/CASPAR/nestor training event, ‘The Preservation challenge: basic concepts and practical applications’ in Barcelona, 23-26 March 2009. [PDF, 325KB]

Jeffrey van der Hoeven (National Library of the Netherlands) presented the emulator 'Dioscuri' at DigCCurr 2009 in Chapel Hill, USA, on 1-3 April 2009.
Dioscuri is an x86 computer hardware emulator written in Java, designed to ensure that documents and programs from the past can still be accessed in the future. The Dioscuri emulator has two key features: it is durable and flexible. [PDF, 3009KB]

This is a presentation by Jeffrey van der Hoeven, National Library of the Netherlands, given at the 2nd Planets, CASPAR and DPE annual conference, held on 5-6 September 2007 in Lisbon, Portugal. It presents the the Dioscuri project, funded by the National Library and National Archive of the Netherlands in 2004, after having recognised the need for emulation, especially for rendering complex digital objects in the future without affecting their authenticity and integrity. Work within Planets on emulation continues from the Dioscuri project. The presentation also contains a useful diagram showing how emulation tools and services fit with other Planets tools and services. [PPT, 3106KB]

This report describes the research conducted on emerging characterisation techniques. It details the most important research challenges, possible solutions investigated so far, and future directions of research. [PDF, 715KB]

The preservation or conservation of digital art confronts us with a range of challenges, eclipsing many of the difficulties posed by more mainstream digital resources like documents and images. Preservation of art may itself be an impossible goal; instead, one might realistically aim only to create and collate sufficient documentation capable of conveying meaning and impact to a future audience, with perhaps one eye on its recreation where necessary at a later date. The Planets project is creating vocabularies and frameworks to describe the attributes that give a digital artwork its value. The latest developments are described in this report. [PDF, 374KB]

This presentation was given by Jeffrey van der Hoeven at the iPres 2007 conference which took place on October 11-12 2007 in Beijing, China.

The presentation describes the pros and cons of emulation, it outlines the project behind the modular emulator, Dioscuri, and presents the next steps in emulation and Planets. [PDF, 974KB]

Abstract: "In recent years a lot of research has been undertaken to ascertain the most suitable preservation approach. For a long time migration was seen as the only viable approach, whereas emulation was looked upon with scepticism due to its technical complexity and initial costs. In 2004, the National Library of the Netherlands (Koninklijke Bibliotheek) and the Nationaal Archief of the Netherlands acknowledged the need for emulation, especially for rendering complex digital objects without affecting their authenticity and integrity. A project was started to investigate the feasibility of emulation by developing and testing an emulator designed for digital preservation purposes. In July 2007 this project ended and delivered a durable x86 component-based computer emulator: Dioscuri, the first modular emulator for digital preservation."

The paper was published in The International Journal of Digital Curation, Issue 2, Volume 2, 2007.
More info

In recent years a lot of research has been undertaken to ascertain the most suitable preservation approach. For a long time migration was seen as the only viable approach, whereas emulation was looked upon with scepticism due to its technical complexity and initial costs. In 2004, the National Library of the Netherlands (Koninklijke Bibliotheek) and the Nationaal Archief of the Netherlands acknowledged the need for emulation, especially for rendering complex digital objects without affecting their authenticity and integrity. A project was started to investigate the feasibility of emulation by developing and testing an emulator designed for digital preservation purposes. In July 2007 this project ended and delivered a durable x86 component-based computer emulator: Dioscuri, the first modular emulator for digital preservation.

This paper was published in The International Journal of Digital Curation, Issue 2, Volume 2, 2007, pp. 123-132 [PDF, 363KB]

Emulation used as a long-term preservation strategy offers the potential to keep digital objects in their original condition and experience them within their original computer environment. However, having just an emulator in place is not enough. To apply emulation as a fully fledged strategy, an automated and user-friendly approach is required. This cannot be done without knowledge and contextual information of the original software. This paper combines the existing concept of a view path, which captures the contextual information of software, together with new insights into improving the concept with extra metadata. It provides regularly updated instructions for archival management to preserve and access its artefacts. The view-path model requires extensions to the metadata set of the primary object of interest and depends on additionally stored secondary objects for environment recreation like applications or operating systems. This article also addresses a strategy of rendering digital objects by running emulation processes remotely. The advantage of this strategy is that it improves user convenience while maximizing emulation capability.

The paper was presented by Dirk von Suchodoletz (University of Freiburg) at iPRES 2008 in September 2008 in London, and was published in IJDC, Issue 3, vol. 4, 2009. [PDF, 458KB]

This document considers the activities of the DT6 Training Work Package throughout the project. It evaluates the achievements of each of the tasks and looks at the long term impact of the training activities on delegates’ daily work and their interest in the Planets solution. It concludes with a consideration of how far overall objectives have been met and a list of recommendations for any future Planets training programmes. [PDF, 394KB]

This presentation was given by Christoph Becker, Vienna University of Technology, at the Tools & Trends conference at Koninklijke Bibliotheek (National Library of the Netherlands) on 1-2 November 2007.

The presentation discusses the methodology for preservation strategies, including how to define requirements, and it looks at the preservation plannning tool, Plato, which is developed within the framework of Planets. [PDF, 1661KB]

This report gives an overview of the Planets Functional Model and relates it to the Planets deliverables. It also gives a set of recommendations for the OAIS model. [PDF, 4504KB]

During this presentation Manfred Thaller (University at Cologne) describes the principle of file formats and discusses what formats to choose for what. With Planets as an example he shows what a consistently dynamic approach looks like, when trying to evaluate the performance of migration tools moving from one format to another, based on automatic analysis of the characteristics of files. He concludes his presentation with some thoughts about which characteristics of digital files do not reside in the file, but in the software which is used to display it and how the approaches discussed before can be extended to take care of these problems. The presentation was delivered during the joint DPE/Planets/CASPAR/nestor training event, ‘The Preservation challenge: basic concepts and practical applications’ in Barcelona, 23-26 March 2009. [PDF, 630KB]

This report outlines the results of the third (and final) iteration of a user study. The user study study was targetted to identify user requirements for preservation of digital documents, records and data sets. User requirements are modelled in a user requirements model that can be used in a broader requirements model for digital preservation. [PDF, 174KB]

This document describes the status of the XCDL development in May 2008. It contains a reference to the language, but also an introduction into the creation (and interpretation) of XCDL-documents. Both parts should also enable the reader to develop XCDL-aware software. [PDF, 399KB]

This deliverable describes the first version of GRATE (Global Remote Access To Emulation services), one of the tools for environments in PA/5, which allows access to emulation processes run remotely via a network.

This document is intended for both project participants and technical specialists. [PDF, 542KB]

This document describes a strategy, framework and workflow for testing emulation within the Planets Project. It considers the purposes of emulation and emulation testing, the strategies that can be pursued to implement and to evaluate the results of testing. It also includes discussions of the many technical, organisational and other issues which need to be taken into account. [PDF, 299KB]

This report is the final iteration of the Gap Analysis in Tool Provision. All previous iterations come together in this release. The gap analysis has made it possible to identify gaps in tool provision for digital preservation. The results of the analysis provide an important insight into the status of digital preservation and the status of digitization. [DOC, 350KB]

Through analysis of a survey of the used file formats at cultural heritage institutions an inventory of preservation action tools has been made and the areas where tools are missing identified. The report provides an important insight into the status of digital preservation and of digitization, and it helps to identify the need for new research and development of new tools. [PDF, 271KB]

This presentation was made by Natalie Walters, Wellcome Library, at Digital Preservation Planning: Principles, Examples and the Future with Planets, British Library Conference Centre, London, 29th July 2008. The presentation discusses the experiences of The Wellcome Library in working with born digital material, and the approach taken by the library whereby Archivists are taking the lead in this. It also includes a progress report on the procurement of the library's Digital Object Repository, which is currently ongoing. [PDF, 480KB]

The report presents the findings of interviews with over 76 civil servants in 17 Government agencies in the Netherlands and Belgium. It aims to establish how communication and information are created, managed, shared and preserved in Government settings, and to provide information managers with insights into issues to be addressed with recommendations. The report is a parallel study to the qualitative research carried out in academic communities with 400 researchers at University of Aarhus [see report] and interviews with 18 researchers at Glasgow University [see report]. [PDF, 699KB]

The document describes the API and functionality of the Planets workflow execution engine (WEE) version 2. It provides an overview of the main components, the public interfaces, and describe how it is utilized through the Workflow Control Panel (WCP). The document specifically provides user documentation for configuring, deploying, and accessing Planets workflow templates. [PDF, 830KB]

Andreas Rauber, Vienna University of Technology, gave this presentation at the Planning the Future with Planets preservation tutorial at the Austrian Computer Society on 14 April 2008. The slides set out the OAIS preservation planning function; Preservation Planning alerts; a model for translating policy into action; an introduction to preservation planning workflow and the Planets preservation planning tool, Plato. [PDF, 417KB]

Andreas Rauber (University of Vienna) presented Hoppla at DigCCurr 2009 in Chapel Hill, USA, on 1-3 April 2009.
The Hoppla archiving system provides digital preservation solutions specifically for small institutions and offices. It hides the technical complexity of digital preservation challenges by providing automated services based on established best practice examples. Appropriate preservation strategies and required tools for the collection are delivered via a web service, effectively outsourcing the required digital preservation expertise. [PDF, 219KB]

Abstract: "An increasing number of institutions throughout the world face legal obligations or business needs to collect and preserve digital objects over several decades. A range of tools exists today to support the variety of preservation strategies such as migration or emulation. Yet, different preservation requirements across institutions and settings make the decision on which solution to implement very difficult.
This paper presents the Planets Preservation Planning approach. It provides a way to make informed and accountable decisions on which solution to implement in order to optimally preserve digital objects for a given purpose. It is based on Utility Analysis to evaluate the performance of various solutions against well-defined requirements and goals. The viability of this approach is shown in a range of case studies for different settings. We present its application to two scenarios of web archives, two collections of electronic publications, and a collection of multimedia art. This work focuses on the different requirements and goals in the various preservation settings."

The paper was accepted for a presentation at the Joint Conference on Digital Libraries 2007, which was held on June 18-23 2007 in Victoria, Canada

In: JCDL’07, June 18–23, 2007, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Copyright 2007 ACM 978-1-59593-644-8/07/0006

Read the paper

Hannes Kulovits, Vienna University of Technology, delivered this workshop presentation at the Planning the Future with Planets preservation tutorial at the Austrian Computer Society on 15 April 2008. The slides provide a practical introduction to the process of creating a preservation plan using the Planets Plato tool. [PDF, 206KB]

This presentation describes an analysis of how preservation services interact and use digital preservation metadata and how a data dictionary is developed to support them.

The presentation relates to the paper Implementing Metadata that Guides Digital Preservation Services by Angela Dappert and Adam Farquhar (The British Library), presented at iPres2009, 5-6 October 2009, in San Francisco, California, by Angela Dappert. [PDF, 399KB]

The State and University Library, Denmark holds some of the oldest sound recordings in the world. The Library has a legal responsibility to preserve these media which need to be digitised as some of the originals are fragile, and in some case, no longer playable. The archive is a valuable and well-used source for research and education.

The Library is implementing a new Digital Object Management System (DOMS), with Fedora Commons at its core, to replace over forty legacy repositories in its digital collection. This case study considers how the Library will first characterise and validate the wide variety of file formats, using Planets, so they can be permitted to be stored in DOMS for long-term preservation. [PDF, 1862KB]

In this presentation Manfred Thaller (University at Cologne) gives an overview of the issues in digital preservation. The presentation was delivered during the joint DPE/Planets/CASPAR/nestor training event, ‘The Preservation challenge: basic concepts and practical applications’ in Barcelona, 23-26 March 2009. [PDF, 781KB]

This is a presentation by Helen Hockx-Yu given at the 2nd Planets, CASPAR and DPE annual conference, held on 5-6 September 2007 in Lisbon, Portugal. The presentation covers the aims and objectives of the project and outlines Planets’ approach to digital preservation. It also contains a summary of Planets’ progress to date and highlights the key deliverables by November 2008. [PPT, 564KB]

This presentation was made by Andreas Rauber, University of Vienna, at Digital Preservation Planning: Principles, Examples and the Future with Planets, British Library Conference Centre, London, 29th July 2008. The presentation introduces workshop participants to the project and its technology, key features of the Planets framework and the tools and services that the project will deliver. [PDF, 1269KB]

Hans Hofman ((Nationaal Archief Netherlands) introduced and presented the Planets project at the WePreserve Forum 2009 in Barcelona on 27 March 2009. [PDF, 455KB]

So far little attention has been paid to file format robustness, i.e., a file formats capability for keeping its information as safe as possible in spite of data corruption. The paper reports on the first comprehensive research on this topic. The research work is based on a study on the status quo of file format robustness for various file formats from the image domain. A controlled test corpus was built which comprises files with different format characteristics. The files form the basis for data corruption experiments which are reported on and discussed.

The paper was presented by the author, Volker Heydegger, Universität zu Köln, at ECDL 2009, Sept. 27 - Oct. 2 in Corfu, Greece, and published in the proceedings from the conference, LNCS, by Springer-Verlag.

In: M. Agosti et al. (Eds.): ECDL 2009, LNCS 5714, pp. 315–326, 2009, © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2009

More info on Volker Heydegger [PDF, 201KB]

Abstract: "An increasing number of institutions throughout the world face legal obligations to collect and preserve digital objects over years. A range of tools exist today to support the variety of preservation strategies such as migration or emulation. Yet, different preservation requirements across institutions and settings make the decision on which solution to implement very difficult. The Austrian National Library will have to preserve electronic theses and dissertations provided in PDF. It is thus investigating potential preservation solutions. The preservation planning approach taken in the Planets project is used to evaluate various alternatives with respect to specific requirements. It provides an approach to make informed and accountable decisions on which solution to implement in order to preserve digital objects for a given purpose. We analyse the performance of various preservation strategies with respect to the specified requirements for the preservation of master’s theses and dissertations and present the results."

The paper was accepted for presentation at the Ninth Russian National Research Conference, RCDL'07, held on October 15-18 2007 in Pereslawl, Russia.
More info

This is a presentation given by Christoph Becker, Vienna University of Technology, at the Ninth Russian National Research Conference (RCDL'07) on 17 October 2007 in Pereslavl, Russia. It touches upon the problems concerning digital preservation and the challenges organisations are faced with when having to choose the best strategy for digital preservation. It presents the preservation planning methodology (including the objective tree), Plato (the Planets preservation planning workflow system) and the results of a case study done on the collection and preservation of Austrian theses and dissertations. [PDF, 1234KB]

An increasing number of institutions throughout the world face legal obligations to collect and preserve digital objects over years. A range of tools exist today to support the variety of preservation strategies such as migration or emulation. Yet, different preservation requirements across institutions and settings make the decision on which solution to implement very difficult. The Austrian National Library will have to preserve electronic theses and dissertations provided in PDF. It is thus investigating potential preservation solutions. The preservation planning approach taken in the Planets project is used to evaluate various alternatives with respect to specific requirements. It provides an approach to make informed and accountable decisions on which solution to implement in order to preserve digital objects for a given purpose. We analyse the performance of various preservation strategies with respect to the specified requirements for the preservation of master’s theses and dissertations and present the results.

This paper was presented at the Ninth Russian National Research Conference, RCDL'07, held on October 15-18 2007 in Pereslawl, Russia.

In: Proceedings of the Ninth Russian National Research Conference on Digital Libraries: Advanced Methods and Technologies, Digital Collections (RCDL'07). Pereslavl, Russia, October 15-18, 2007. [PDF, 168KB]

The goal of deliverable PA/5-D12 was to provide a manual on the use of emulation services as part of a preservation strategy and the issues involved. [PDF, 107KB]

The market survey was carried out to ascertain the status and requirements of long-term management of digital information by European organisations that create or hold digital content.
Over 200 responses were received from a wide range of organisations with respondents representing a variety of different fields. Overall, two-fifths were from libraries and one third from archives.
The results show that there is a widespread awareness of the need to take practical steps to preserve the rapidly increasing volumes of digital content; however, many organisations are still seeking the technical and practical solutions to support their preservation-specific activities.
View the white paper
View the survey analysis report [PDF, 149KB]

The selection of preservation strategy is one of the core areas in digital preservation endeavours. Different preservation requirements and goals across institutions and settings make the decision on which to implement very difficult. This report presents the Planets Preservation Planning approach to define and evaluate preservation plans. [PDF, 898KB]

This paper is an extended and updated version of the work reported at iPres 2008. Digital preservation activities can only succeed if they go beyond the technical properties of digital objects. They must consider the strategy, policy, goals, and constraints of the institution that undertakes them and take into account the cultural and institutional framework in which data, documents and records are preserved. Furthermore, because organizations differ in many ways, a one-size-fits-all approach cannot be appropriate. Fortunately, organizations involved in digital preservation have created documents describing their policies, strategies, work-flows, plans, and goals to provide guidance. They also have skilled staff who are aware of sometimes unwritten considerations. Within Planets (Farquhar & Hockx-Yu, 2007), a four-year project co-funded by the European Union to address core digital preservation challenges, we have analyzed preservation guiding documents and interviewed staff from libraries, archives, and data centres that are actively engaged in digital preservation. This paper introduces a conceptual model for expressing the core concepts and requirements that appear in preservation guiding documents. It defines a specific vocabulary that institutions can reuse for expressing their own policies and strategies. In addition to providing a conceptual framework, the model and vocabulary support automated preservation planning tools through an XML representation.

In: The International Journal of Digital Curation, Issue 2, Volume 4 | 2009, pp. 119-134 [PDF, 618KB]

The creation of most digital objects occurs solely in interactive graphical user interfaces available at the particular time period. Archiving and preservation organizations are posed with large amounts of such objects of various types. At some point they will need to, if possible, automatically process these to make them available to their users or convert them to a valid format.
A substantial problem in creating an automated process is the availability of suitable tools. In this paper a new method is suggested, which uses an operating system and application independent interactive workflow for the migration of digital objects using an emulated environment. Success terms for the conception and functionality of emulation environments are therefore devised which should be applied to future long-term archiving methods.

The paper was presented by Klaus Rechert, University of Freiburg, at iPres 2009, 5-6 October 2009, in San Francisco, California. [PDF, 225KB]

The creation of most digital objects occurs solely in interactive graphical user interfaces available at the particular time period. Archiving and preservation organizations are posed with large amounts of such objects of various types. At some point they will need to, if possible, automatically process these to make them available to their users or convert them to a valid format.
A substantial problem in creating an automated process is the availability of suitable tools. This presentation suggests a new method, which uses an operating system and application independent interactive workflow for the migration of digital objects using an emulated environment. Success terms for the conception and functionality of emulation environments are therefore devised which should be applied to future long-term archiving methods.

The presentation was given by Klaus Rechert, University of Freiburg, at iPres 2009, 5-6 October 2009, in San Francisco, California. [PDF, 1443KB]

Christoph Becker, Vienna University of Technology, gave this presentation at the Planning the Future with Planets preservation tutorial at the Austrian Computer Society on 15 April. The session takes users through the process of constructing objective trees; defining influencing factors and stakeholders; creating objective trees; importing objective trees and applying this to the example of web-archiving. [PDF, 913KB]

Abstract: "Object transformation for preservation purposes is currently a hit-or-miss affair, where errors in transformation may go unnoticed for years since manual quality assurance is too resource-intensive for large collections of digital objects.
We propose an approach of semi-automatic quality assurance (QA), where numerous separate automatic checks of “aspects” of the objects, combined with manual inspection, provides greater assurance that objects are transformed with little or no loss of quality. We present an example of using this approach to appraise the quality of OpenOffice’s import of Word documents."

The paper was accepted for and presented at the 11th European Conference on Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries, ECDL2007, on 16-21 September 2007 in Budapest, Hungary.
More info

Lars R. Clausen, State and University Library, Denmark presented his paper "Opening Schrödingers Library: Semi-automatic QA Reduces Uncertainty in Object Transformation" at the 11th European Conference on Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries (ECDL2007) on 18 September 2007 in Budapest, Hungary.

Taken from the abstract: "Object transformation for preservation purposes is currently a hit-ormiss affair, where errors in transformation may go unnoticed for years since manual quality assurance is too resource-intensive for large collections of digital objects. We propose an approach of semi-automatic quality assurance (QA), where numerous separate automatic checks of “aspects” of the objects, combined with manual inspection, provides greater assurance that objects are transformed with little or no loss of quality. We present an example of using this approach to appraise the quality of OpenOffice’s import of Word documents." [PDF, 87KB]

Object transformation for preservation purposes is currently a hit-or-miss affair, where errors in transformation may go unnoticed for years since manual quality assurance is too resource-intensive for large collections of digital objects.
We propose an approach of semi-automatic quality assurance (QA), where numerous separate automatic checks of “aspects” of the objects, combined with manual inspection, provides greater assurance that objects are transformed with little or no loss of quality. We present an example of using this approach to appraise the quality of OpenOffice’s import of Word documents.

The paper was presented at the 11th European Conference on Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries, ECDL2007, on 16-21 September 2007 in Budapest, Hungary.

In: L. Kovács, N. Fuhr, and C. Meghini (Eds.): ECDL 2007, LNCS 4675, pp. 186–197, 2007, © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2007 [PDF, 286KB]

The assumptions and decisions behind HOPPLA (Home Office Painless Persistent Long-term Archiving) were presented by Andreas Rauber (Vienna University of Technology) at DigCCurr 2009 in Chapel Hill, USA, at 1-3 April 2009.
HOPPLA is an archiving solution for personal archiving - developed for people with little or no skills on preservation issues. [PDF, 173KB]

Planetarium #7 features a spotlight on Characterisation, which explores digital object migration. This issue also includes articles about the recent Market Survey, how Planets tools can be integrated into Archives and Libraries as well as news on our upcoming training event in Sofia, which has been awarded a bursary by the CEI to assist the attendance of 15 delegates. In addition, you will find a list of Planets publications and presentations at events.
[PDF, 322KB]

In the final newsletter Hannah Jenkins, British Library, welcomes the Open Planets Foundation (OPF) which will take over when Planets comes to an end by 31 May 2010. Furthermore the appointed director of OPF is introduced.
This newsletter also features an article on risk management in digital preservation and of course the spotlight is on the final results of Planets and the future directions in digital preservation. In addition, Planetarium #10 presents a series of case studies illustrating the use of Planets in archives and libraries. Finally, the newsletter contains a News Round Up and a list of Planets’ publications and presentations at events.
[PDF, 753KB]

The fifth newsletter from the Planets project includes highlights from the annual review, an introduction to Plato, as well as an article introducing a conceptual model for expressing concepts and requirements in digital preservation. The newsletter also presents detailed lists of recent Planets publications and the project's participation in past and forthcoming events. Finally, the fifth issue reveals a new name, Planetarium, and general makeover of the publication. [PDF, 291KB]

The sixth Planets newsletter features an interesting spotlight on the Planets Testbed and also contains articles about Planets beyond 2010 and the Planets all staff meeting in Marbella.
The newsletter presents detailed lists of Planets publications and presentations at events, and both the award winning Plato and the SIARD tools presentation are briefly described.
[PDF, 675KB]

The Planets project is happy to announce its eighth newsletter, Planetarium. This newsletter features a spotlight on Preservation Planning and presents the emulation preservation strategy and also contains articles about how the Planets technology partners put Planets into practice. In addition you will find a presentation of the results from a Planets Briefing for suppliers and vendors in Brussels on 5-6 June 2009. The newsletter also contains a News round up and a list of Planets publications and presentations at events. [PDF, 686KB]

Planetarium #9 features a spotlight on Preservation Planning: Protecting Files For The Future, presents research in the impact of transition from analogue to digital communication on researchers and civil servants, and also contain an article about how the Planets research partners develop tools and services and put Planets into practice. In addition you will find an article about Planets and the OAIS. The newsletter also contains a News Round Up and a list of Planets publications and presentations at events. [PDF, 2900KB]

The presentation contains the Planets slide show used for the WePreserve stand at CeBIT 2008. [PDF, 2605KB]

This report sets out the components developed during the course of the PLANETS project to extract and evaluate digital object properties, gives recommendations for future work, and in it’s Appendix, illustrates through a use case how these components might be used [PDF, 398KB]

The purpose of this document is to set out a future vision of possible developments for the PLANETS Core Registry (PCR). This is based on both those elements of the PCR which have previously been specified during the course of the PLANETS project as needing further development, for example PUID assignment and the implementation of a faceted classification system, and further ideas for potential development, such as the use of linked data. [PDF, 435KB]

This presentation was given at the iPres 2006 Digital Preservation conference held October 9-10 at Cornell University in Ithaca, NY.

It provides an overview of the partners and project with emphasis on preservation planning. It also includes a brief digression on the Office OpenXML file format and how it addresses some of the root causes of digital obsolescence. [PPT, 1575KB]

The cost of digital obsolesence, establishing the project, and designing the preservation tools and services. [PDF, 38KB]

The second Newsletter from the Planets project - describing project progress, the collaboration with other EU projects, the first review by the European Commission etc. [PDF, 113KB]

The third Planets newsletter describes the project's progress, recent and future dissemination activities, Planets publications and presentations etc. [PDF, 141KB]

The fourth Planets newsletter describes the project's progress, recent and future dissemination activities, Planets publications and presentations. PLATO (Planets preservation planning tool) and the XCEL and XCDL languages, which are key components in the characterisation work done in the project, get a special mentioning in the newsletter. Included are also brief reports from the preservation planning tutorial in Vienna and the project's presence at CeBIT 2008. [PDF, 580KB]

This presentation provides a basic overview of the Planets project, its goals, structure, and approach. [PPT, 197KB]

This document describes version 2 of the preservation planning tool Plato, thus it is the accompanying document to the software deliverable. It gives an overview of the underlying Planets preservation planning workflow which Plato implements, explains how to install and access Plato, and gives an overview of events and case studies. [PDF, 449KB]

This presentation was made by Matthew Barr, HATII, at Digital Preservation Planning: Principles, Examples and the Future with Planets, British Library Conference Centre, London, 29th July 2008. The preservation of digital objects requires specific software tools and services. These can be characterisation tools that abstract the essential characteristics of a digital object from a file, migration tools that convert digital objects to different formats, or emulation tools that render digital objects in their original context on a new infrastructure. The Planets Testbed provides a controlled environment where preservation tools can be tested and evaluated, and where experiment results can be empirically compared. This presentation will provide a high-level overview and demonstration of the Testbed application and how it will operate in practice. [PDF, 702KB]

This document outlines a plan for the Planets DT6 training programme. It lists the defined communities and teaching methodologies, learning objectives and content of individual courses, proposed locations and dates for events, suggested communication channels, and resources that will be required to deliver the courses successfully. [PDF, 315KB]

This is a presentation by Adam Farquhar given at the 2nd Planets, CASPAR and DPE annual conference, held on 5-6 September 2007 in Lisbon, Portugal. It explains the types of problems Planets is addressing and the project partners’ motivations to be involved in the project. In the context of two scenarios, it demonstrates how Planets methods, tools, and services can help organisations diagnose and treat obsolescence problems with their digital objects. [PPT, 825KB]

Abstract: "The Planets Project is developing services and technology to address core challenges in digital preservation. This article introduces the motivation for this work, describes the extensible technical architecture and places the Planets approach into the context of the Open Archival Information System (OAIS) Reference Model. It also provides a scenario demonstrating Planets’ usefulness in solving real-life digital preservation problems and an overview of the project’s progress to date."

The article was published in International Journal of Digital Curation, Vol 2, No 2 (2007).
More info

The Planets Project is developing services and technology to address core challenges in digital preservation. This article introduces the motivation for this work, describes the extensible technical architecture and places the Planets approach into the context of the Open Archival Information System (OAIS) Reference Model. It also provides a scenario demonstrating Planets’ usefulness in solving real-life digital preservation problems and an overview of the project’s progress to date.

The article was published in International Journal of Digital Curation, Issue 2, Volume 2 | 2007, pp. 88-99
[PDF, 290KB]

This is a presentation given by Eleonora Nicchiarelli, Austrian National Library, at the EVA/MINERVA Conference on 20 November 2007 in Jerusalem, Israel. It introduces the key components of Planets architecture, a general digital preservation scenario using Planets tools and services, as well as the key components of the project. [PDF, 290KB]

This presentation was given by Adam Farquhar, British Library, at the Tools & Trends conference at Koninklijke Bibliotheek (National Library of the Netherlands) on 1-2 November 2007.

The talk presented the Planets architechture and conceptual model, the Planets testbed and the Planets Interoperability Framework. [PDF, 155KB]

This presentation was made by Andreas Rauber, Vienna University of Technology, at the Planning the Future with Planets preservation tutorial at the Austrian Computer Society on 14 April 2008. The slides provide an overview of the Planets project, the 16 European project partners, Planets architecture and the five key features of Planets technology. [PDF, 805KB]

Christoph Becker, Vienna University of Technology, gave this presentation at the Planning the Future with Planets preservation tutorial at the Austrian Computer Society on 14 April 2008. The slides review Planets architecture; the definition of a preservation plan; integrate Planets concepts and services and introduce exercises to put preservation planning into practice in four institutional settings: a government archive; a private business; games museum and boat collectors image archive. [PDF, 591KB]

This presentation, made by Christoph Becker, Vienna University of Technology, concluded the second day of the Planning the Future with Planets preservation tutorial at the Austrian Computer Society on 15 April. The presentation reviews Planets architecture; a model for translating preservation policy to action; overview of workflow planning and the Plato tool. [PDF, 351KB]

Digital preservation activities can only succeed if they consider the strategy, policy, goals, and constraints of the institution that undertakes them. Furthermore, because organizations differ in many ways, a one-size-fits-all approach cannot be appropriate. [PDF, 1028KB]

This presentation was delivered to the Foundation Rinascimento Digitale at the Round Table, 'PREMIS - Preservation Metadata: Implementation Strategies' on 6 February 2009 in Rome. Angela Dappert (British Library) presented the PREMIS implementations at the British Library and the use of PREMIS in the Planets project. [PDF, 134KB]

Dr. Adam Farquhar, The British Library, gave a presentation on "The Planets Approach to Digital Preservation" at the Digital Library Federation Spring Forum held in Pasadena, California April 23-25, 2007 [PPT, 2409KB]

Hilde van Wijngaarden, National Library of the Netherlands, gave a presentation on Preservation Action at the Tools & Trends conference at Koninklijke Bibliotheek (National Library of the Netherlands) on 1-2 November 2007.

The presentation describes what Preservation Action means and how one should choose a preservation action. It also describes the availablity of preservation action tools and the challenges and development of such tools. [PDF, 393KB]

This presentation was given by Hans Hofman, the National Archives of the Netherlands, at the international symposium on Digital Curation, DigCCurr2007. The symposium was held at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, April 18-20, 2007.

This presentation provides an overview of the main objectives and characteristics of Planets and the results and deliverables which can be expected from it. The presentation focuses on preservation planning, which in its essence tries to get control of the still unknown and virtual world of managing and maintaining digital information.
[PDF, 329KB]

This report presents a study that moves beyond migration and emulations, by exploring the possibilities of binary translation and virtualisation to preserve dynamic and interactive content. [PDF, 1644KB]

This is a presentation by Christoph Becker, Vienna University of Technology, given at the 2nd Planets, CASPAR and DPE annual conference, held on 5-6 September 2007 in Lisbon, Portugal. It presents the Planets methodology for specifying preservation plans, which allows explicit definition of preservation requirements and offers a systematic way to compare candidate preservation strategies. It also includes a sneak preview of the software tool called Planets Preservation Planning Tool (Plato), which is being developed to implement the methodology and automate the preservation planning process. [PPT, 3148KB]

This presentation was given by Stephan Strodl at the iPres 2007 conference which took place on October 11-12 2007 in Beijing, China.

The presentation gives an introduction to the Planets Preservation Planning Approach, it presents preservation planning in the OAIS model (including alerts, information flow, and effects of new preservation strategies), and finally a number of conclusions. [PDF, 3963KB]

This presentation was made by Hans Hofman, Nationaal Archief Netherlands, at the Planning the Future with Planets preservation tutorial at the Austrian Computer Society on 14 April 2008. The slides introduce preservation planning, the objectives and how planning fits into the process. The Planets approach to preservation planning is also described as well as the OAIS preservation planning function. [PDF, 236KB]

This presentation was made by Hans Hofman, Nationaal Archief Netherlands, at the ICA 2008 Congress in Kuala Lumpur on 23 July 2008. The presentation touches upon the challenges in digital preservation, interested stakeholders, and the elements which are needed in order ot design a preservation plan. Finally, it lists some of the tools which Planets is currently in the process of developing - including PLATO. [PDF, 441KB]

This presentation was made by Andreas Rauber (University of Vienna) at DigCCurr 2009 in Chapel Hill, USA on 1-3 April 2009. It presents the interactive software tool, Plato, which is aimed at supporting institutions in the process of creating preservation plans. [PDF, 1085KB]

This presentation was delivered during the joint DPE/Planets/CAPAR/nestor training event, ‘The Preservation challenge: basic concepts and practical applications’ in Barcelona, 23-26 March 2009. Hannes Kulovits (Vienna University of Technology) presented, by means of Plato, how to create a preservation plan. [PDF, 1347KB]

This presentation was made by Christoph Becker, University of Vienna, at Digital Preservation Planning: Principles, Examples and the Future with Planets, British Library Conference Centre, London, 29th July 2008. The presentation examines the process involved in planning the preservation of digital objects. The planning workflow defines the basic context and representative sample objects for the collection at hand, describes the requirements and the significant properties of the objects, discovers available strategies, tests the chosen options and evaluates the outcomes to arrive at a recommendation on how to treat the digital objects. The presenation also introduces Plato, the Planets digital preservation tool, which supports and automates the workflow. [PDF, 1454KB]

This presentation was made by Christoph Becker, University of Vienna, at Digital Preservation Planning: Principles, Examples and the Future with Planets, British Library Conference Centre, London, 29th July 2008. The presentation was part of a practical workshop that provided first-hand experience of working with the Plato tool. Participants took part in creating objective trees which help to define the relevant characteristics and requirements of digital content and to structure these into a preservation planning specification. Using a prepared objective tree, participants imported this into Plato to see how the software works with real-life content to arrive at a preservation plan, using sample content for conducting experiments. [PDF, 1321KB]

This presentation was made by Hans Hofman, Nationaal Archief Netherlands, at the Planning the Future with Planets preservation tutorial at the Austrian Computer Society on 14 April 2008. The slides give a status of the current situation of preservation planning: who is doing what and how. This is illustrated with four different examples. The presentation also describes the requirements that go into creating an operational preservation plan. [PDF, 85KB]

This presentation was made by Hans Hofman, Nationaal Archief Netherlands, at the Planning the Future with Planets preservation tutorial at the Austrian Computer Society on 14 April 2008. The presentation gives an overview of why a preservation plan is needed, what it should include, and how a plan can be built. [PDF, 127KB]

Abstract: "Over the last years, digital preservation has become a particularly
active research area. While several initiatives are dealing with the preservation of standard document formats, the challenges of preserving multimedia objects and pieces of electronic art are still to be tackled. This paper presents the findings of a pilot project for preserving born-digital interactive multimedia art. We describe the specific challenges the collection poses to digital preservation and the results of a case study identifying requirements on the preservation of interactive artworks."

The paper was accepted for presentation at the Tenth International Conference on Asian Digital Libraries, ICADL 2007, held on December 10-13 2007 in Hanoi, Vietnam.

D.H.-L. Goh et al. (Eds.): ICADL 2007, LNCS 4822, pp. 257–266, 2007.
© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2007
Read the paper

This is a presentation given by Christoph Becker, Vienna University of Technology, at the International Conference on Asian Digital Libraries (ICADL’07) on December 10-13 2007 in Hanoi, Vietnam. It touches upon the importance of carrying out digital preservation and points out the complexities in choosing the best preservation strategy. It also presents the Planets preservation planning workflow system (Plato), an example of an objective tree and finally an example of how the presented tools have been used in connection with an actual collection, The Ars Electronica collection (a collection of eletronic art). [PDF, 1629KB]

Over the last years, digital preservation has become a particularly
active research area. While several initiatives are dealing with the preservation of standard document formats, the challenges of preserving multimedia objects and pieces of electronic art are still to be tackled. This paper presents the findings of a pilot project for preserving born-digital interactive multimedia art. We describe the specific challenges the collection poses to digital preservation and the results of a case study identifying requirements on the preservation of interactive artworks.

The paper was presented at the Tenth International Conference on Asian Digital Libraries, ICADL 2007, held on December 10-13 2007 in Hanoi, Vietnam.

In: D.H.-L. Goh et al. (Eds.): ICADL 2007, LNCS 4822, pp. 257–266, 2007, © Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg 2007 [PDF, 1005KB]

In 2004, the British Library secured £2 million funding from JISC to digitise its fragile C19 newspaper collection and make it available online. The collection is one of the top ten in the world and is used by journalists, historians and researchers world-wide. Users such as Kate Summerscale, author of prize-winning novel: "The Suspicions of Mr Whicher."

The British Library has digitised two million pages amounting to 80 terabytes of data. This film looks at the challenges the Library has faced to preserve the collection for the future and the decisions it has taken.

View video on YouTube

This specific deliverable DT/7-D4 (“Report based on DT/7 questionnaire”) is concerned with the results of a questionnaire deployed to researchers at Aarhus University. It provides insight from a larger sample into findings elicited from a series of probes conducted during the first phase of the work package. [PDF, 1119KB]

The use of emulation and virtualization in the context of digital preservation is an area that needs more detailed exploration. Previous work has scratched the surface of this problem, but does not provide all the answers. It is for this reason that the partners of PA/5 decided to conduct a number of case studies. The purpose of the first iteration of these case studies is to explore the use of emulation/virtualization as a preservation approach and to perform experiments using digital content from real life collections provided by the Planets partners. [PDF, 1146KB]

A new report summarising the findings of qualitative interviews conducted with researchers at the University of Glasgow is available to download.

The report sheds light on how researchers communicate; what researchers consider must be preserved, why and how and who is responsible.

These latest findings build on a quantitative study by the State Library of Denmark of 400 researchers at Aarhus University which was released in June 2009.

In depth interviews were carried out at the University of Glasgow with almost 20 academics in disciplines ranging from English, Social History and Philosophy to Health Sciences, Biodiversity and Astronomy.
[PDF, 490KB]

The OAIS, which provides a high level digital repository framework, describes processes such as monitoring of technology, planning for preservation activies and migrating obsolete objects. These will become essential if digial collections are to be kept accessible and usable. The Preservation Planning module of OAIS is the least well tested via practical implementation, therefore creating a degree of clarity and detail of these elements. While the Planets approach is certainly not at odds with OAIS on preservation, this report details some key areas where clarification is required and also where the level of detail needs to be expanded. [PDF, 366KB]

Planets deliverable PC5-D1 outlined a selection of core research areas for characterisation of
digital art materials for preservation. This report explores some of these in greater detail, and
reflects increasingly on existing trends and approaches within the creative curatorial domain. [PDF, 343KB]

This document contains a report on the status of the Planets glossary and of the Planets preservation action registry. The report on the Planets glossary and PA tool registry will offer an overview of the current status of the deliverables, the subsequent steps to be taken, risks that could hinder on time delivery and consequences of delays for other workpackages. [PDF, 366KB]

This document contains a report on the progress of the Planets Preservation Action tool registry and Planets glossary. The report on the PA tool registry and Planets glossary will provide an overview of the current status of the deliverables, the subsequent steps to be taken, risks that could hinder on time delivery, and consequences of delays for other workpackages. [PDF, 376KB]

This document describes the integration of services into the next two iterations of the Planets preservation planning tool, Plato.

We outline the underlying principles and the workflow that is implemented by the tool, and then provide an overview of integration points where services are being connected to the workflow.
[PDF, 1279KB]

This last deliverable of work-package PP2 reports on the final version of a conceptual model for expressing the core concepts and requirements that appear in the digital preservation context. In addition, we present a machine-interpretable XML representation to support automated preservation planning tools. [PDF, 1518KB]

This document is an updated version of the Report on Comparison of Planets with OAIS1, originally published as PP7/D12 in 2007. [PDF, 4456KB]

This report describes the current practice in the use of migration tools at a number of national libraries and archives which are participants of Planets. It identifies the common problems and proposes ways to improve the tools. [PDF, 692KB]

This report outlines the results of the second iteration of a user study. The user study was targeted to identify user requirements for preservation of digital documents, records and data sets. User requirements are modelled in a user requirement model that can be used in a broader requirements model for digital preservation. [PDF, 525KB]

This document contains a report on the status of the PTDL language, the blueprint and the gap analysis, as well as an overview of the position of these three deliverables within the PLANETS project. [PDF, 194KB]

This document presents the final version of the Planets Service Wrapping Guidlelines. It is targeted at software developers - within the Planets constortium but also third parties - working in Digital Preservation, who would like to integrate their tools with the Planets software environment, and make use of applications for Preservation Planning, Testing, and Workflow Orchestration and Execution. [PDF, 985KB]

The concept of significant characteristics has become prominent within the digital preservation community to capture the key goal of preserving the most relevant aspects of the content of a digital object, even at the cost of sacrificing less important ones. However, the term has become over-loaded and very often it remains ill-defined. In this paper, the domain of significant characteristics is analyzed, and a clear terminology is introduced.

The paper was presented at ECDL 2009, Sept. 27 - Oct. 2 in Corfu, Greece, and published in the proceedings from the conference, LNCS, by Springer-Verlag.

In: M. Agosti et al. (Eds.): ECDL 2009, LNCS 5714, pp. 297-308, 2009, © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2009 [PDF, 160KB]

Custodians of digital content take action when the material that they are responsible for is threatened by, for example, obsolescence or deterioration.
At first glance, ideal preservation actions retain every aspect of the original objects with the highest level of fidelity. Achieving this goal can, however, be costly, infeasible, and sometimes even undesirable. As a result, custodians must focus their attention on preserving the most significant characteristics of the content, even at the cost of sacrificing less important ones. The concept of significant characteristics has become prominent within the digital preservation community to capture this key goal. As is often the case in an emerging field, however, the term has become over-loaded and remains ill-defined. The presentation and paper unpack the meaning that lies behind the phrase, analyze the domain, and introduce clear terminology.

The presentation was delivered at ECDL 2009, Sept. 27 - Oct. 2 in Corfu, Greece. [PDF, 521KB]

This report is part of a three-part final report from the PLANETS Digital Object Properties Working Group. The three companion reports, which can be read in conjunction, are:

• The concept of significant properties. (PLANETS deliverable PC3 – D23A);
• Planets components for the extraction and evaluation of digital object properties (PLANETS deliverable PC3 – D23B); and
• Specification of a Planets-wide Ontology of properties for digital preservation needs. (PLANETS deliverable PC3 – D23C) (this report).
[PDF, 228KB]

In June 2009, Planets carried out a series of 18 face-to-face and telephone interviews with some of the world’s leading IT companies. The interviews explored interviewees’ perceptions of the emerging market-place for digital preservation tools and services. Results confirm engagement is being led by memory institutions and driven primarily by legislation. Elsewhere, however, there is confusion over what digital preservation is and what it entails. Comprehensive policies and long-term budgets to cover preservation of digital collections are not yet the norm. Despite this, there are common expectations about what a digital library system should do; specifically in relation to the type of content it should be able to manage, scalability and the need to comply with international standards. There is perceived high demand for technology to support automation of digital preservation processes and for consultancy, training, awareness-raising and exchange of best practice. [PDF, 50KB]

This paper describes the eXtensible Characterisation Languages (XCL) that support the automatic validation of document conversions and the evaluation of migration quality by hierarchically decomposing a document and representing documents from different sources in an abstract XML language. The description language XCDL provides an abstract representation of digital content in XML, while the extraction language XCEL allows an extraction engine to create such an abstract description by mapping file format structures to XCDL concepts.
The article presents the context of the development of these languages and tools and describes the overall concept and features of the languages. Furthermore examples are given and it is shown how the languages can be applied to the evaluation of digital preservation solutions in the context of preservation planning.

In: Journal of Universal Computer Science, vol. 14, no. 18 (2008), 2936-2952, © J.UCS [PDF, 161KB]

This document focuses on the methods that will be used in the Testbed for testing tools for objects and tools for environments. It is not about software testing the testbed application itself. [PDF, 816KB]

This report gives a first evaluation of the current and future use of the Testbed software. This evaluation is given by the Planets partners who are participants in TB/3 and based on information gathered through means of a questionnaire. This report gives recommendations on the future deployment and use of the Testbed software. [PDF, 367KB]

This assessment report gives an evaluation of the usage by external users of the central Testbed software. This evaluation is based on a survey set out to 109 people that requested testing access to the Testbed. [PDF, 433KB]

This document is a guide to the Planets Testbed Prototype. It highlights what features are available in the Prototype and which parts of the system are not yet operational. [PDF, 1635KB]

This report seeks to investigate the classification of digital object properties for digital preservation, both in the context of the PLANETS project and in that of the wider digital preservation community. The report aims to address the diverse approaches employed when looking at classifying digital object properties and will, consolidate and summarise the different approaches and give recommendations for future work.

This report is part of a three-part final report from the PLANETS Digital Object Properties Working Group. The three companion reports, which can be read in conjunction, are:

• The concept of significant properties. (PLANETS deliverable PC3 – D23A (this report));
• Planets components for the extraction and evaluation of digital object properties (PLANETS deliverable PC3 – D23B); and
• Specification of a Planets-wide Ontology of properties for digital preservation needs. (PLANETS deliverable PC3 – D23C)


[PDF, 375KB]

The National Archives of the Netherlands is the largest public archives in the Netherlands and the custodian of the national record of Dutch Government. Increasingly, these records are digital, and are being housed in the National Archive's custom-built e-Depot. Since 2002, the National Archives has carried out research into the feasibility of strategies to preserve different types of digital objects. This case study considers the appropriateness of emulation to preserve dynamic records such as spreadsheets and databases where migration is not a suitable option. [PDF, 525KB]

This paper discusses the Planets approach to migration tool development. The approach consists of enhancing existing migration tools rather than developing tools from scratch. This pragmatic approach is based on the Planets view of the current situation for migration tools and two claims. The first claim is that the market will cover the required tools for commonly used formats. The second claim is that in the long term less tools will be required due to growing use of archiving standard formats. The Planets view on the current situation, the scope of tool development and the claims stated are, however, open for discussion and re-evaluation.

The paper was presented at the IS&T Archiving 2008 conference in Bern, Switzerland. [PDF, 205KB]

Ross King, Austrian Research Centres GmbH, delivered this presentation at the Planning the Future with Planets tutorial at the Austrian Computer Society, Vienna on 14 April 2008. The presentation provides a technical outline of the thinking behind the Planets interoperability framework; the architecture which will make tools and services available via a single platform; an overview of the benefits. The presentation introduces the Planets Service and Data Registries and workflow design tools. [PDF, 925KB]

Hannes Kulovits (Vienna University of Technology) gave a presentation on the preservation tool Plato and the workflow related to preservation planning at the WePreserve Forum 2009 in Barcelona on 27 March 2009 [PDF, 1643KB]

This is a presentation by Max Kaizer given at the 2nd Planets, CASPAR and DPE annual conference, held on 5-6 September 2007 in Lisbon, Portugal. It explains what the testbed is, why we need it and its role within Planets and for the wider digital preservation community. It also explains in great detail the methodology that drives the experiment process within the testbed, as well as the components of the testbed software application. [PPT, 363KB]

Eleonora Nicchiarelli, Austrian National Library, delivered this presentation at the Planning the Future with Planets tutorial at the Austrian Computer Society, Vienna on 14 April 2008. The presentation describes why a testbed is needed, how the Planets Testbed works, and the role it plays in the project. [PDF, 99KB]

In this presentation Max Kaiser (Austrian National Library) explains the need for an experimentation framework for digital preservation and systematic assessment of preservation approaches and tools. The Planets Testbed provides a controlled research environment for evaluation of preservation tools wrapped and deployed in the Testbed. When using the Testbed Corpora one can perform experiments without having to expose the institution’s own content and at the same time one can share and browse knowledge obtained through experiments.
The presentation was delivered during the joint DPE/Planets/CASPAR/nestor training event, ‘The Preservation challenge: basic concepts and practical applications’ in Barcelona, 23-26 March 2009.
[PDF, 935KB]

In his presentation Max Kaiser describes the Planets Testbed, which is a controlled environment for experimentation on and evaluation of a wide array of preservation tools and services. The full public release of the Testbed will be in 2010, but it is possible to get access to carry out experiments now and thereby to help improving the development of the Testbed.

This presentation was given by Max Kaiser from The Austrian National Library at the eChallenges e2009 Conference in Istanbul on 21-23 October 2009. [PDF, 474KB]

Abstract: "The preservation of digital objects requires specific software tools or services. These can be characterisation tools that abstract the essential characteristics of a digital object from a file, migration tools that convert digital objects to different formats, or emulation tools that render digital objects in their original context on a new infrastructure. Until recently digital preservation has been characterised by practices and processes that could best be described as more art and craft than science. The Planets Testbed provides a controlled environment where preservation tools can be tested and evaluated, and where experiment results can be empirically compared. This paper presents an overview of the Testbed application, an analysis of the experiment methodology and a description of the Testbed’s web service approach."

Code4Lib Journal, Issue 3, 2008-06-23
Read the article in Code4Lib Journal

Andreas Rauber, Vienna University of Technology, delivered this presentation at the Planning the Future with Planets preservation tutorial at the Austrian Computer Society on 14 April 2008. The presentation looks at the motivation for preservation planning; the processes involved; workflow planning; defining the characteristics of objects, the preservation requirements, a strategy and alternatives; developing, running and evaluating an experiment; analysing the results and determining the preservation plan. [PDF, 710KB]

Hans Hofman, the National Archives of the Netherlands, gave a presentation on Plato and the use of objective trees in preservation planning at the DCC/DPE/DRIVER/nestor joint workshop on 28 November 2007 in Berlin, Germany.

The presentation presents the influencing and deciding factors that go into preservation planning, and the stages you have to go through in the process. It also presents both the "objective tree" and Planets Preservation Planning tool, PLATO. [PDF, 1171KB]

Abstract: "It has not been since the advent of the client/server architecture break through that an architectural concept has changed the face of enterprise systems so significantly as it has been done by service oriented architectures (SOA). The service oriented approach provides plenty of vantages for companies in regard to flexible system integration and adoption of new business cases. However, the adoption of SOA in an actual enterprise system brings along a couple of problems as well. Especially the integration into the existing infrastructure, applications and the innovation, sourcing and investment policies is challenging. A solution can be provided by establishing a SOA roadmap unveiling possible traps and pointing out the foibles and flaws still existing in the SOA approach. In this paper the SOA approach will be reviewed critically and the different sections affected within an enterprise will be examined. Possible problems during the transition and use of SOA will be identified. Where already possible, solutions will be provided."

The article was accepted for and presented at the 14th Annual IEEE International Conference and Workshop on the Engineering of Computer Based Systems, ECBS, in Tucson, AZ.
More info

It has not been since the advent of the client/server architecture break through that an architectural concept has changed the face of enterprise systems so significantly as it has been done by service oriented architectures (SOA). The service oriented approach provides plenty of vantages for companies in regard to flexible system integration and adoption of new business cases. However, the adoption of SOA in an actual enterprise system brings along a couple of problems as well. Especially the integration into the existing infrastructure, applications and the innovation, sourcing and investment policies is challenging. A solution can be provided by establishing a SOA roadmap unveiling possible traps and pointing out the foibles and flaws still existing in the SOA approach. In this paper the SOA approach will be reviewed critically and the different sections affected within an enterprise will be examined. Possible problems during the transition and use of SOA will be identified. Where already possible, solutions will be provided.

The article was presented at the 14th Annual IEEE International Conference and Workshop on the Engineering of Computer Based Systems, ECBS, in Tucson, AZ.

In: Proceedings of the 14th Annual IEEE International Conference and Workshops on the Engineering of Computer-Based Systems (ECBS'07), 0-7695-2772-8/07, © 2007 IEEE [PDF, 258KB]

This document sets out the planned activity for Planets’ DT6 Training Work Package in Year 4. It outlines changes to the original Planets Training Plan (DT6-D1), which was produced in Year 1 of the project and explains the reasons for revisions and a new combined DT6 Training and DT10 Outreach Programme. [PDF, 1727KB]

This document is the release report of the validation framework developed in the Planets project,
workpackage PP5. The validation framework connects the practical outputs of other Planets workpackages,
mainly those of PP4, PC2 and PC4, within a common framework: Preservation
requirements and criteria as they are defined in the objective trees in PP4 are mapped to the
technical characteristics described by XCL in PC2/4, and to other criteria such as performance and
format risks.
[PDF, 525KB]

This is a report on the state-of-the-art in the field of Representation Information Registries (RIR's). This document discusses the development of the concept of representation information. [PDF, 533KB]

This document accompanies the software deliverable:
PC2/D16: “XCEL/XCDL extended with layout implication handling [PDF, 92KB]

This document assesses the activities carried out during Year 2 of the Planets DT6 Training Work Package. [PDF, 1185KB]

This document assesses the activities carried out during Year 3 of the Planets DT6 Training Work Package. [PDF, 738KB]

This document assesses the activities carried out during Year 4 of the Planets DT6 Training Work Package. [PDF, 1822KB]